<i>Deep learning (DL) methods show promising potential for single-cell data analysis, yet required tremendous efforts in building the models. </i><i>To streamline the application of sequence-based DL methods in single-cell genomics, we established a two-layer CNN model as a baseline model and systematically evaluate how data characteristics, hyperparameter optimization, and advanced model architectures affect performance in sequence-to-expression and sequence-to-regulation tasks. We further explored the application of multi-task learning (MTL) frameworks for modeling cellular heterogeneity, evaluating the effectiveness of task grouping and balancing strategies, with particular focus on the prediction of rare cell types. </i><i>Our comprehensive benchmark efforts provide an actionable framework and valuable insights for guiding future research endeavors and facilitating the development of the sequence-based DL models capable of superior predictive performance in single-cell genomics.</i>
Optical neural networks (ONNs) promise ultra-fast and energy-efficient computing but are hampered by the critical challenge of on-chip training. Here, we propose an on-chip training distillation-guided optical neural network (DGONN) and introduce a forward distilled algorithm to…
Miniature reconstructive spectrometers have attracted significant attention for their broad potential applications. However, performance of the spectrometers is heavily dependent on their preset calibration procedure and spectral reconstruction algorithms, and conventional calibr…
Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum enable high-capacity optical communication and imaging, yet multiple scattering in dynamic medias such as biological tissues disrupts their wavefront. Brownian motion decorrelates the scattered field and invalidates conventional meth…
Mars Avatar Project: Control Without Presence is a conceptual research project proposing a next-generation architecture for autonomous robotic avatars operating on Mars under human strategic supervision. Instead of continuous teleoperation, human operators define mission goals wh…