CORTEXA
← Browse
arxivcs.CVmath-ph2026-07-24

From level set evolution to threshold optimization: A grayscale level set framework for image segmentation

Xingkai Li, Jiebao Sun, Fanghui Song, Zhichang Guo

The segmentation of multiple degradations has been a challenging problem in the field of image segmentation. Existing level set approaches commonly adopt a length regularization term to constrain the geometric shape of the segmentation contour. However, the introduction of the length term often results in numerical instability and high computational cost. In this paper, we show that the length term is not essential under certain smoothness constraints, and theoretically prove that the presence of the length term affects the property of $|\nabla φ|=1$. Based on the finding, we define a class of smooth images, construct the grayscale level set, and propose a fast segmentation framework for degraded images, such as heavily noisy images and intensity inhomogeneous images. The framework transforms PDE evolution into one-dimensional threshold search, which has significant advantages in computational speed, especially on large-scale images. Experiments validate the segmentation performance of the proposed framework on various degraded images.

View free PDFSource page

Related papers

arxiveess.IVcs.CVmath-ph2026-07-14

Efficient Computing for Medical Image Acquisition and Reconstruction

Xiao Wang, Jayasai Rajagopal, Md Safaiat Hossain, Peng Chen, Mohamed Wahib, Enzhi Zhang, et al.

Medical imaging systems such as CT, MRI, PET, and SPECT do not directly acquire images. Instead, they measure physical signals that encode anatomical or physiological information, and image reconstruction recovers the underlying image by solving an inverse problem. Although these…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.CVmath-ph2026-07-24

A Smooth Phase-Separation Model for Weak-Boundary Segmentation of Homogeneous Structures

Zihan Li, Jiebao Sun, Fanghui Song, Zhichang Guo

Segmentation of adjacent structures with similar intensity distributions remains a challenging problem in image analysis, particularly when object boundaries are weak or ambiguous. Under such conditions, classical variational models may suffer from degenerated image-driven forces…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.CVcs.AI2026-07-03

Semantic Segmentation-Driven Image-Level Diagnosis of Liver Cancers in Hematoxylin and Eosin Histopathology Images

Ivica Kopriva, Dario Sitnik, Arijana Pacic, Karolina Krstanac, Irena Veliki Dalic, Marijana Popovic Hadzija

As hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining constitutes the primary entry point in routine diagnostic workflows, computer-aided diagnosis from whole-slide H&E images is of particular clinical relevance. However, substantial variability in specimen preparation, staining protocols, and s…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.CV2026-07-22

A Unified Variational Framework for Deep Weakly Supervised Image Segmentation

Yin King Chu, Lingfeng Li, Sung Ha Kang, Jianping Zhang, Xue-Cheng Tai

We propose a unified variational framework for image segmentation under sparse pixel-level supervision. Our method is based on a simplex-constrained Potts model with a smooth perimeter regularizer, yielding a convex, smooth energy functional that can be used as a training loss in…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.CV2026-07-06

From Open Loop to Closed Loop: A Test-Time Iterative Optimization Framework for Reference-Consistent Image Generation

Baixuan Zhao, Xinyu Zhang, Huayu Zheng, Shuaicheng Liu, Xiongkuo Min, Guangtao Zhai, et al.

While controllable image generation has made significant strides by incorporating visual reference conditions, existing methods predominantly operate as open-loop systems. They inject control signals in a strictly feed-forward manner, failing to guarantee strict fidelity to the r…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.CV2026-07-02

MedSaab-US: A Backpropagation-Free Multi-Scale Wavelet-Saab Framework for Thyroid Nodule Segmentation in Ultrasound Images

Mohammad Amanour Rahman

Deep learning (DL) methods dominate thyroid nodule segmentation in ultrasound (US) images, achieving high Dice scores but at the cost of millions of parameters, GPU-dependent training via backpropagation, and limited mathematical tractability. These limitations impede deployment…

View free PDFSource page