crossrefFuture Internet2026-06-29
MS-SENet: A Multi-Scale Squeeze–Excitation Network for Deep-Learning-Based Automatic Modulation Classification in Cognitive Radio Systems
Evelio Astaiza Hoyos, Héctor Fabio Bermúdez-Orozco, Nasly Cristina Rodriguez-Idrobo
Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is a critical enabler of cognitive radio (CR) systems, allowing secondary users to identify primary user modulation schemes and adapt transmission parameters in real time. Traditional AMC approaches, based on likelihood functions or hand-…