arxivcond-mat.mtrl-scics.LG2026-07-07
From Closed-Loop Optimization to Open Decision Making: Coupled Digital Twins for Predictive and Autonomous Microscopy
Yu Liu, Boris Slautin, Ian Mercer, Jon-Paul Maria, Sergei V. Kalinin
Automated experimentation is moving from closed-loop optimization toward open decision-making, where human or AI planners must forecast the consequences of candidate actions before executing them. Such forecasts require a model of both sides of the experiment: how the sample is l…