Reinforcement learning (RL) has significantly enhanced the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), yet the training process remains notoriously fragile. In this work, we investigate a critical source of this instability: over-optimization, where models exploit tra…
Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is a powerful paradigm for improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, existing RLVR methods typically rely on on-policy optimization from scratch, resulting in high sampling costs and ineffi…