arxivcs.AI2026-07-09
A safety-oriented hypothetico-deductive framework for AI-assisted differential diagnosis
Fan Ma, Mauro Giuffrè, Donald Wright, Kent McCann, Mark Iscoe, Lingfei Qian, et al.
Diagnostic error is a major threat to patient safety, yet current large language model (LLM) systems often treat diagnosis as a one-shot prediction task, lacking safeguards against missed high-risk alternatives or rigorous verification of their reasoning. Here, we present AegisDx…