Understanding whether visual recognition models rely on shape, texture, or color is central to interpreting their behavior. Prior cue-conflict studies have strongly influenced the view that CNNs are texture-biased, yet such tests measure cue preference under artificial conflicts…
The growing applications of facial recognition systems are accompanied by increasingly diverse security threats. Existing datasets lack detailed textual descriptions of forgery cues, leading most prior methods to treat face attack detection primarily as a visual recognition task.…