Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a central source of technological competition and industrial upgrading, yet it remains unclear whether AI innovation improves firms' financial resilience. This study argues that the financial value of AI innovation depends less on the volum…
Full fine-tuning adapts large language models to new tasks but can erode capabilities they already possess. Existing remedies protect through proxies such as parameter distances, importance penalties, output matching, or dominant singular directions of the weights, but none direc…
Virtual testing requires hazardous scenarios to effectively test autonomous vehicles (AVs). Existing studies have obtained rarer events by sampling methods in a fixed scenario space. In reality, heterogeneous drivers behave differently when facing the same situation. To generate…