crossref2026-07-23
The Evolution of Deep Learning: From Perceptrons to Generative Foundation Models
Humza Naveed, Saeed Anwar, Shi Qiu, Daochang Liu, Nick Barnes, Ibrahim Radwan, et al.
Deep learning has evolved from early perceptron models to modern foundation models through a series of breakthroughs that addressed fundamental limitations in representation learning, optimization, computational efficiency, and scalability. While numerous surveys review specific…