Engineering shape optimization faces challenges in both expert-dependent problem setup and surrogate-model reliability. In practical aerodynamic design, optimization settings such as editable regions, deformation ranges, and design-preservation constraints are typically specified…
Human-labeled data are widely used as reference annotations in ML, despite known variability across annotators in many expert-driven domains. In addition, expert annotation is slow, inconsistent, and remains a major bottleneck for scaling tasks like tree height bias classificatio…