Test-time adaptation (TTA) has emerged as a popular paradigm for improving the performance of vision-language models (e.g., CLIP) on downstream tasks. Among existing CLIP-based TTA methods, Test-Time Prompt Tuning (TPT) is a pioneering work that optimizes textual prompts using mu…
The training-free integration of expert models via model merging has exposed significant security risks, enabling free-riders to combine specialized models without authorization. Recent works propose parameter-level defenses that employ linear parameter transformations to neutral…