arxivcs.CV2026-06-30
Does Your ViT Still Need U-Net for Segmentation?
Xin Li, Wenhui Zhu, Xuanzhao Dong, Xiwen Chen, Yanxi Chen, Yujian Xiong, et al.
Medical image segmentation is dominated by U-Net-style encoder-decoder architectures. Vision Transformers (ViTs) overcome the limited receptive field of convolutional networks through self-attention, enabling modeling of long-range dependencies. Early ViT-based segmentation metho…