arxivcs.LGcs.CR2026-07-23
Agree on the Model, Verify the Inference: GKR Protocols for HND-Based Transformer Inference
Xiaolong Liang, Juanjuan Li, Rui Qin, Yisheng Lv
Outsourced Transformer inference exposes clients to model substitution and incomplete execution, while direct replay removes the computational benefit of delegation. We present GKR-HND, a registered-model protocol for verifying the polynomial backbone of Homomorphic--Nonhomomorph…