Improving learning and science outcomes in the Reservoir Observer Student Scientists (ROSS) program through reflection and skill building exercises

Zohreh Mazaheri Kouhanestani, Heather Fischer, Lauren Holdorf, Rebecca L. North

The Reservoir Observer Student Scientists (ROSS) program engages high school students in year-round water quality monitoring to detect and understand cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs). This place-based participatory science program combines hands-on sampling, data analysis, and reflective learning to foster scientific literacy and contribute to environmental research. A mid-year data quality and analysis activity was introduced to improve students’ understanding of sampling rigor and enhance the reliability of their contributions. Additional points of reflection at the end of the school year improved students’ understanding of limnology and the process of doing science. Results show that students not only developed procedural knowledge and data literacy but also produced scientifically valid data, comparable to professional standards. The program demonstrates how structured training and inquiry-based activities can simultaneously advance educational outcomes and support long-term ecological monitoring.