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Arman Cohan

3 papers indexed

arxivcs.CLcs.AI2026-07-13

Metacognition in LLMs: Foundations, Progress, and Opportunities

Gabrielle Kaili-May Liu, Areeb Gani, Jacqueline Lu, Jordan Thomas, Mark Steyvers, Arman Cohan

Metacognition is a foundational component of intelligence critical to effective learning, problem solving, decision-making, communication, and more. In recent years, it has become increasingly recognized as a cornerstone of capable, transparent AI systems. Yet while LLMs have mad…

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arxivcs.CLcs.AI2026-06-30

Reinforcement Learning with Metacognitive Feedback Elicits Faithful Uncertainty Expression in LLMs

Gabrielle Kaili-May Liu, Avi Caciularu, Gal Yona, Idan Szpektor, Arman Cohan

Metacognition is a critical component of intelligence that describes the ability to monitor and regulate one's own cognitive processes. Yet LLMs exhibit systemic deficiencies in key metacognitive faculties: they hallucinate with high confidence, fail to recognize knowledge bounda…

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