CORTEXA
← Browse
arxiveess.SY2026-07-20

An Augmented Load-Frequency Control Block Diagram for Power Systems

Mahyar Tofighi-Milani, Sajjad Fattaheian-Dehkordi, Matti Lehtonen

The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources has led to a significant reduction in system inertia, resulting in faster and more pronounced frequency deviations in modern low-inertia power systems. In such environments, the dynamic behavior of electrical loads becomes increasingly important in shaping overall system frequency response. This paper presents an enhanced load model that incorporates load-side dynamics in addition to conventional static behavior, thereby augmenting the representation of load-frequency control (LFC) models. This improved formulation increases the accuracy of frequency response studies in power systems. A comparison between the proposed augmented model and the conventional LFC representation demonstrates that relying solely on static load modeling can lead to inaccurate results and potentially misleading conclusions. Therefore, accurate modeling of load-side dynamics is essential for reliable frequency stability assessment in modern power systems.

View free PDFSource page

Related papers

arxiveess.SY2026-07-11

Geometric Decentralized Stability Certificate of Power Electronics-Dominated Power Systems Covering Variable Operating Points

Ruohan Leng, Linbin Huang, Liangxiao Luo, Huanhai Xin, Xiongfei Wang, Florian Dörfler

The integration of power converters is profoundly changing the power system dynamics and poses significant challenges for stability analysis. The dynamic interactions between the power grid and the heterogeneous converters are highly complex and difficult to analyze due to the cu…

View free PDFSource page
arxiveess.SY2026-07-03

Integrating Power Electronics-based Energy Storages to Power Systems: A Review on Dynamic Modeling, Analysis, and Future Challenges

Qiang Fu, Changlong Dai, Siqi Bu, C. Y. Chung

The integration of power electronics-based energy storage systems (PEESs) into power systems introduces potential instabilities. This study reviews efforts in dynamic analysis of both AC and DC power systems integrated with PEESs, covering dynamic modeling, analysis methods, and…

View free PDFSource page
arxiveess.SY2026-07-07

Generalized Feedback Control Modeling Method for Control-Driven Converter Systems

Chen Zhang, Haoxiang Zong, Xu Cai, Marta Molinas

Converters-based systems like wind farms manifest themselves as control-intensive systems, where control-driven stability issues frequently occur, e.g., oscillations. Such issues are popularly studied via circuit impedance-based methods. However, given its implicit controller mod…

View free PDFSource page
arxiveess.SY2026-07-08

A Physics-guided Fine-tuned LLM-based Framework for Customized Power Distribution System Feeder Generation

Zhenghao Zhou, Yiyan Li, Tao Xu, Yike Guo, Zheng Yan, Mo-Yuen Chow

Power distribution system feeder models (e.g., IEEE 33-bus system, IEEE 13-bus system, etc.) are cornerstones for conducting power distribution system studies. As real-world feeder models are hard to acquire due to energy security concerns, generating high-quality synthetic feede…

View free PDFSource page
arxiveess.SY2026-07-10

Inertia-Aware Optimal Power Flow Using PINN in IBR-Dominated Power Systems

Mahyar Tofighi-Milani, Sajjad Fattaheian-Dehkordi, Franz Martin Rohrhofer, Matti Lehtonen

The problem of Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is central to the secure and economic operation of modern power systems. However, increasing renewable energy penetration, and decreasing system inertia pose significant challenges to conventional optimization-based OPF solvers. While machi…

View free PDFSource page