Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease; hematologic involvement is common and strongly associated with prognosis. Platelets—the second most abundant cellular component of peripheral blood—are anucleate cytoplasmic fragments. Their canonical roles include hemostasis, thrombosis, and vascular repair. More recently, platelets have emerged as regulators of innate and adaptive immunity that amplify inflammatory signaling and may facilitate tumor dissemination, suggesting underappreciated pathogenic roles in the initiation and progression of SLE. This review synthesizes platelet pathobiology in SLE and structures it into four modules: (i) pro-inflammatory actions of activated platelets; (ii) pathogenic effects of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs); (iii) mechanisms by which platelets exacerbate lupus nephritis; and (iv) pathways linking platelets to SLE-associated cardiovascular disease. We also evaluate platelet-targeted therapeutic strategies and their translational prospects. Our aim is to provide a coherent framework for the platelet–SLE interface that informs mechanistic studies, guides biomarker development, and supports the design of more precise diagnostics and therapies.
Vaccination relies on innate and adaptive responses initiated at the injection site followed by activation in draining lymph nodes. However, high-plex, spatially resolved maps that couple injection site signals with transcriptomic programs in draining lymph nodes over time are st…
Introduction The combination of enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab (EV+P) has revolutionized advanced urothelial carcinoma treatment, yet their combined real-world safety profile remains insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to quantitatively compare the adverse event…
Persistent antigenic stimulation leads to the dysfunction of CD8 + cytotoxic T cells. These “exhausted” T EX cells exhibit reduced proliferative capacity, impaired effector function, and increased expression of co-inhibitory receptors. Chronic antigen receptor stimulation induces…
Introduction The dialogue between the immune and nervous systems in the central nervous system (CNS) is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience and neuroimmunology. Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, continuously communicate with neurons to maintain brain homeostasis,…
Eculizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the complement protein C5, is highly efficient in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, generalized myasthenia gravis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. However, recent reports have…
The nonspecific protection provided by the innate immune system can be enhanced through training with stimuli, a phenomenon called ‘trained immunity’. However, it remains unknown if distinct training programs with various functional outcomes can be induced. Here, we show that two…