The Future Roads Fellowship Programme (FUTUREROADS) is a £6.3 million international research and training initiative led by the University of Cambridge to support the digital and sustainable transformation of road infrastructure. Running over five years, the programme brings toge…
This paper presents a review of the second LoViF Challenge on Real-World All-in-One Image Restoration. The challenge aims to advance unified image restoration under diverse real-world degradation conditions, including blur, low-light, haze, rain, and snow. It provides a common be…
Modern satellite edge systems, including those performing remote sensing tasks such object detection and tracking, are characterized by severely limited bandwidth and intermittent connections, making continuous data transmission to the cloud impractical. Existing edge-cloud syste…
Despite their strong reasoning capabilities and extensive world knowledge, Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently generate plans that violate task constraints, undermining their reliability in real-world applications. This deficiency arises from a lack of systematic mechanisms t…
Reinforcement Learning (RL) is the dominant paradigm for training Large Language Model (LLM) agents on long-horizon tasks. However, sparse and delayed rewards often lead to trajectory neglect, in which agents lose focus on the task goal and interaction history at intermediate ste…
Federated Transformer training increasingly relies on local AdamW, whose adaptive updates can provide much stronger local progress than SGD-based training. However, under heterogeneous client data, even globally corrected AdamW updates may remain highly uneven in coordinate-wise…
Automated pathology report generation from Whole Slide Images (WSIs) has attracted increasing attention in digital pathology. However, existing methods are predominantly developed under single-organ settings, overlooking the multi-organ scenarios encountered in clinical practice,…
Simulating two-dimensional frustrated quantum matter is a grand challenge due to the sign problem and exponential Hilbert space complexity. In this work, we introduce the Holographic Quantum Transformer (HQT), a physics-inspired generative architecture that leverages global self-…
The impairment of neural crest cells (NCCs) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Epigenetic regulators mediate ethanol-induced disruptions in NCC development and represent promising targets for nutritional interventions. Here, we de…
To achieve global sustainability goals and meet the urgent demands of carbon neutrality, China is continuously transforming its energy structure. In this process, electric vehicles (EVs) are playing an increasingly important role in energy transition and have become one of the pr…