Touch supplies the physical grounding needed to perceive intrinsic material properties, such as friction and compliance, that vision alone often cannot resolve. Recent efforts for equipping multimodal LLMs with this tactile sense, however, expose a zero-sum trade-off: the limited…
For stable operation of autonomous surface ships, real-time anomaly detection of engine conditions must be coupled with an operational framework that sustains model performance in dynamic maritime environments. This study proposes an autonomous maintenance system that combines a…