Deep research requires agents to find answers that jointly satisfy multiple constraints. Discovering such answers is costly, whereas verifying a candidate can often be decomposed into tractable constraint-wise checks. This discovery--verification asymmetry suggests that a researc…
Short-answer VQA benchmarks conflate two distinct quantities: whether a model's answer is semantically correct, and whether that answer matches the surface form expected by the automatic evaluator. We study this conflation across six vision--language models and six benchmarks, us…
Medical imaging models are often deployed without the demographic, acquisition, and quality metadata needed for subgroup auditing. Once those metadata disappear, clinically critical failure modes can be masked by strong aggregate performance, and many robust-learning methods lose…